Did Cavour help or hinder the unification of Italy?
- In 1852, Victor Emmanuel made Count Camillo Cavour his prime minister.
- Cavour came from a noble family .
- Cavour favored liberal goals.
- Being a flexible, practical, crafty politician, he could resort to any means to achieve his goals.
- Cavour was a monarchist
- Cavour never planned for the establishment of a united country, and his objective was to expand Piedmont with the annexation of Lombardy and Venetia, rather than a unified Italy.
- Cavour became Victor Emmanuel II’s Prime Minister.
- He continued reforms to strengthen Piedmont-Sardinia.
- He improved communications – railways, roads, telegraph lines.
- He encouraged the building of factories and scientifically improved farming
- ‘He reformed the legal system.The influence of the Catholic Church was reduced.
- In 1855, led by Cavour, Sardinia joined Britain and France against Russia in the Crimean War. Sardinia did not win territory, but it did have a voice at the peace conference. Sardinia also gained the attention of Napoleon III.He attended the Peace Conference in Paris following the Crimean War.
- Napoleon III and Cavour met at Plombières. In 1858, a secret deal was negotiated by Cavour Napoleon,. Acording to this deal, Napolean promised to aid Sardinia in case it had to enter into a war with Austria .But it was Cavour who provoked that Austro-French War., that was obviously supported by Napoleon III and France. The result was the invasion of Northern Italy, ( earlier under the Austrian rule). Lombardy was annexed by Sardina.
- Meanwhile, nationalist groups overthrew Austrian-backed rulers in several other northern Italian states. These states then joined with Sardinia.
Although Cavour's ultimate dream was not a unified Italy, rather it was only a strng desire to expand his territrories, a series of events gradually led to the Italian unification
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