How was Germany unified?

How was Germany unified?

Syllabus Objectives

Focus points

  • Why was Germany not unified in 1848–50?
  •  How did Bismarck bring about Austria’s defeat of 1866?
  • How did Bismarck bring about France’s defeat of 1870?
  •  How far was Bismarck responsible for the unification of Germany?

Specified content

  •  German nationalism
  •  The Zollverein
  • The 1848 revolution in Prussia
  • The setting up and eventual failure of the Frankfurt Parliament
  •  Re-establishment of Austrian influence in Germany by 1850
  •  Bismarck as Prussian Minister–President 
  • Bismarck’s foreign policy to 1871: – Schleswig-Holstein – the Austro–Prussian War and its consequences – relations with France – the Spanish Succession and the Franco–Prussian War – the creation of the German empire

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