Topic 1
Motion, forces, and energy — from vectors and kinematics to momentum, energy, and pressure.
By the end of this section, you will be able to :
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It is the random movement of larger particles, due to their collision with faster moving, smaller particles.
A temperature scale, whose 00C is equivalent to -273.15 °C (absolute zero) and whose 373.150C is equivalent to 1000C.
Absolute zero is the temperature at which a thermodynamic system has the lowest energy. This temperature corresponds to -273.150C on a Celsius temperature scale.
For a fixed mass of a gas at constant temperature, the volume varies inversely as the pressure. Hence pv = constant; where p = pressure on the gas and v = volume of the gas.
Thermal expansion is the expansion of an object under the influence of heat
It is the amount of heat energy , needed to raise the temperature of unit mas of a substance through 10C
It is the temperature at which a solid changes into a liquid
It is the temperature at which a liquid changes into a gas, without a rise in temperature.
It is the temperature at which a liquid changes into a gas, over a range of temperatures
Substances that allow the heat energy to flow through them easily are called as good thermal conductors.
Substances that do not allow the heat energy to flow through them easily are called as good thermal insulators.
Conduction is the the transfer of energy through the movement of particles that are touching each other.
Convection is a process of heat transfer involving density differences within molecules of the same fluid, in which the warmer and less dense portions rise up, while the more dense and the heavier ones sink down.
Radiation refers to the process of transmission or emission of energy in the form of waves that can travel through vacuum, meaning they do not require any medium.
Motion, forces, and energy — from vectors and kinematics to momentum, energy, and pressure.
Thermal physics — particle model, temperature scales, specific heat capacity and heat transfer.
Waves — general properties, reflection/refraction, TIR, lenses and the EM spectrum.
Electricity and magnetism — charge, current, circuits, electrical power and safety.
Earth & Solar System, stars and the universe — redshift, CMBR, life cycle of stars and more.
Nuclear model, ionising radiation, decay equations and half-life.
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