IGCSE Physics key definitions thermal physics

IGCSE Physics Key Definitions For 0625 AND 0972 

Thermal Physics

igcse-physics-definitions-laws 

By the end of this section, you will be able to :

  • Define key terms for IGCSE Physics for 0625 and 0972 (9-1)  for thermal physics
  • Understand how marks have been allotted in the examination questions  for defining various quantities
  • Become extremely confident in defining various terms using the correct scientific vocabulary as per the syllabus requirements for thermal physics

IGCSE Physics Definitions / Kinetic particle model of matter

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  • Brownian motion

    It is the random movement of larger particles, due to their collision with faster moving, smaller particles.

  • Absolute scale of temperature

    A temperature scale, whose 00C is equivalent to -273.15 °C (absolute zero) and whose 373.150C is equivalent to 1000C.

  • Absolute zero

    Absolute zero is the temperature at which a thermodynamic system has the lowest energy. This temperature corresponds to -273.150C on a Celsius temperature scale.

  • Boyle's law

    For a fixed mass of a gas at constant temperature, the volume varies inversely as the pressure. Hence pv = constant; where p = pressure on the gas and v = volume of the gas.

  • Thermal expansion

    Thermal expansion is the expansion of an object under the influence of heat

  • Specific heat capacity

    It is the amount of heat energy , needed to raise the temperature of unit mas of a substance through 10C

  • Melting point

    It is the temperature at which a solid changes into a liquid

  • Boiling point

    It is the temperature at which a liquid changes into a gas, without a rise in temperature.

  • Evaporation

    It is the temperature at which a liquid changes into a gas, over a range of temperatures

  • Good thermal conductors (bad thermal insulators)

    Substances that allow the heat energy to flow through them easily are called as good thermal conductors.

  • Bad thermal conductors ( good thermal insulators)

    Substances that do not allow the heat energy to flow through them easily are called as good thermal insulators.

  • Conduction

    Conduction is the the transfer of energy through the movement of particles that are touching each other.

  • Convection

    Convection is a process of heat transfer involving density differences within molecules of the same fluid, in which the warmer and less dense portions rise up, while the more dense and the heavier ones sink down.

  • Radiation

    Radiation refers to the process of transmission or emission of energy in the form of waves that can travel through vacuum, meaning they do not require any medium.

 

 

 

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