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4.1 Simple phenomena of magnetism

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Syllabus Objectives

CORE OBJECTIVES:

  • Describe the forces between magnetic poles and between magnets and magnetic materials, including the use of the terms north pole (N pole), south pole (S pole), attraction and repulsion, magnetised and unmagnetised
  •  Describe induced magnetism
  • State the differences between the properties of temporary magnets (made of soft iron) and the properties of permanent magnets (made of steel)
  • State the difference between magnetic and nonmagnetic materials
  •  Describe a magnetic field as a region in which a magnetic pole experiences a force
  •  Draw the pattern and direction of magnetic field lines around a bar magnet
  •  State that the direction of a magnetic field at a point is the direction of the force on the N pole of a magnet at that point
  • Describe the plotting of magnetic field lines with a compass or iron filings and the use of a compass to determine the direction of the magnetic field
  •  Describe the uses of permanent magnets and electromagnets

EXTENDED/SUPPLEMENT OBJECTIVES:

  • Explain that magnetic forces are due to interactions between magnetic fields 
  • Know that the relative strength of a magnetic field is represented by the spacing of the magnetic field lines

Revision Notes

Video Lectures

IGCSE Physics Notes / Magnetism

 

 

Summary Fill in the Blanks

Click the blanks to reveal the key answers. These questions focus on important magnetism terms and ideas needed for exam success.

1Magnetic Poles & Forces

Like poles
_______repel
each other.
Unlike poles
_______attract
each other.
The two ends of a magnet are called the
_______north
pole and the
_______south
pole.
A force that pushes objects apart is called
_______repulsion
.
A force that pulls objects together is called
_______attraction
.

2Magnetic Materials

Materials that are attracted by magnets are called
_______magnetic
materials.
Iron, nickel and cobalt are examples of
_______magnetic
materials.
Materials like plastic and wood are
_______non
magnetic.

3Magnetised vs Unmagnetised

In a magnetised material, the domains are
_______aligned
.
In an unmagnetised material, the domains are
_______random
.

4Induced Magnetism

Induced magnetism occurs when a material becomes magnetised due to a nearby
_______magnet
.
Induced magnetism is usually
_______temporary
.

5Temporary vs Permanent Magnets

Soft iron is used to make
_______temporary
magnets.
Steel is used to make
_______permanent
magnets.
A temporary magnet
_______loses
magnetism easily when the magnet is removed.

6Magnetic Field

A magnetic field is a region where a magnetic
_______pole
experiences a force.
Magnetic field lines show the
_______direction
and strength of the field.

7Magnetic Field Lines

Magnetic field lines always go from the
_______north
pole to the
_______south
pole.
Magnetic field lines
_______never
cross each other.
The field is strongest where the lines are
_______closest
together.

8Direction of Magnetic Field

The direction of a magnetic field is the direction of force on a
_______north
pole.

9Plotting Magnetic Fields

_______iron
filings are used to show the pattern of a magnetic field.
A
_______compass
is used to determine the direction of the magnetic field.

10Uses of Magnets

Cranes use
_______electromagnets
to lift heavy metal objects.
A compass uses a
_______permanent
magnet to show direction.

11Magnetic Forces & Fields

Magnetic forces occur due to interactions between magnetic
_______fields
.
When magnets attract, their field lines
_______join
smoothly.
When magnets repel, their field lines
_______push
apart.

12Strength of Magnetic Field

The strength of a magnetic field depends on the
_______spacing
of the field lines.
A strong magnetic field has lines that are
_______close
together.

Exam Summary

Like poles repel and unlike poles attract.

Magnetic materials include iron, nickel and cobalt.

A magnetic field is a region where a magnetic pole experiences a force.

Field lines go from north pole to south pole and never cross.

Soft iron makes temporary magnets, while steel makes permanent magnets.

Closer field lines show a stronger magnetic field.

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