CORE OBJECTIVES:
- Describe the production of sound by vibrating sources
- Describe the longitudinal nature of sound waves
- State the approximate range of frequencies audible to humans as 20 Hz to 20 000 Hz
- Know that a medium is needed to transmit sound waves 5 Know that the speed of sound in air is approximately 330–350 m/s
- Describe a method involving a measurement of distance and time for determining the speed of sound in air
- Describe how changes in amplitude and frequency affect the loudness and pitch of sound waves
- Describe an echo as the reflection of sound waves
- Define ultrasound as sound with a frequency higher than 20 kHz
EXTENDED/SUPPLEMENT OBJECTIVES:
- Describe compression and rarefaction
- Know that, in general, sound travels faster in solids than in liquids and faster in liquids than in gases
- Describe the uses of ultrasound in nondestructive testing of materials, medical scanning of soft tissue and sonar including calculation of depth or distance from time and wave speed
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