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IGCSE Chemistry Notes Giant covalent structures

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IGCSE Chemistry Revision Notes Giant Covanlent Structures

Topic:Atoms, elements and compounds

Sub Topic: 2.6 Giant covalent structures

Syllabus Objectives

CORE:

  • Describe the giant covalent structures of graphite and diamond
  • Relate the structures and bonding of graphite and diamond to their uses, limited to:
  • (a) graphite as a lubricant and as an electrode
  • (b) diamond in cutting tools

EXTENDED:

  • Describe the giant covalent structure of silicon(IV) oxide, SiO2
  • Describe the similarity in properties between diamond and silicon(IV) oxide, related to their structures

Revision Notes

IGCSE Chemistry Notes Giant Covalent Structures Revised Syllabus

 

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Topic: Giant Covalent Structures / Test your Understanding

Click the highlighted blanks to reveal the correct answer.

1 What are Giant Covalent Structures?

1. A giant covalent structure is a large
________________ network
of atoms joined by
________________ covalent bonds
.
2. Giant covalent structures have very
________________ high
melting and boiling points.
3. A large amount of
________________ energy
is required to break the covalent bonds.
4. Examples include
________________ diamond
,
________________ graphite
, and
________________ silicon(IV) oxide
.

2 Diamond

5. Diamond is made entirely of
________________ carbon
atoms.
6. Each carbon atom forms
________________ four
covalent bonds.
7. Diamond has a giant
________________ three-dimensional
structure.
8. Diamond does not conduct electricity because it has no
________________ free electrons
.
9. Diamond is extremely
________________ hard
.
10. Diamond is used in
________________ cutting tools
.

3 Graphite

11. In graphite, each carbon atom forms
________________ three
covalent bonds.
12. Graphite atoms are arranged in
________________ layers
.
13. One electron from each carbon atom is
________________ delocalised
.
14. Graphite can conduct
________________ electricity
.
15. The layers are held together by
________________ weak forces
.
16. Graphite is used as a
________________ lubricant
.
17. Graphite is used as an
________________ electrode
in electrolysis.

4 Silicon(IV) Oxide (SiO2)

18. Silicon(IV) oxide is also called
________________ silica
.
19. Its chemical formula is
________________ SiO?
.
20. Each silicon atom bonds to
________________ four
oxygen atoms.
21. Silicon dioxide forms a giant
________________ three-dimensional
network.
22. Silicon dioxide does not conduct electricity because it has no
________________ free electrons
.

5 Similarities Between Diamond and Silicon(IV) Oxide

23. Both have
________________ giant covalent
structures.
24. Both have very
________________ high melting points
.
25. Both do not conduct
________________ electricity
.

6 Summary Review

26. Graphite conducts electricity because it contains
________________ delocalised electrons
.
27. Diamond does not conduct electricity because it has no
________________ free electrons
.
28. Graphite layers slide because they are held by
________________ weak forces
.
29. Diamond is used in cutting tools because it is extremely
________________ hard
.
30. Silicon(IV) oxide forms a giant covalent
________________ lattice
.

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IGCSE Chemistry Revised Syllabus Notes[ 2023-2025 exams]

1-States of matter

2 Atoms, elements and compounds

3 Stoichiometry

4 Electrochemistry

5 Chemical energetics

6 Chemical reactions

7 Acids, bases and salts

8 The Periodic Table

9 Metals

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10 Chemistry of the environment

11 Organic chemistry

12 Experimental techniques and chemical analysis