IGCSE Notes Ions and ionic bonds

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Syllabus Objectives

IGCSE Chemistry Revision Notes

Topic:Atoms, elements and compounds

Sub Topic: 2.4 Ions and ionic bond

Syllabus Objectives:

Core :

Describe the formation of positive ions, known as cations, and negative ions, known as anions
State that an ionic bond is a strong electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions
Describe the formation of ionic bonds between elements from Group I and Group VII, including the use of dot-and-cross diagrams
Describe the properties of ionic compounds:

high melting points and boiling points
good electrical conductivity when aqueous or molten and poor when solid

EXTENDED/SUPPLEMENT

Describe the giant lattice structure of ionic compounds as a regular arrangement of alternating positive and negative ions
Describe the formation of ionic bonds between ions of metallic and non-metallic elements, including the use of dot-and-cross diagrams
Explain in terms of structure and bonding the properties of ionic compounds:
(a) high melting points and boiling points
(b) good electrical conductivity when aqueous or molten and poor when solid

Revision Notes

IGCSE Chemistry Notes Ions and ionic bonds

IONS AND IONIC BONDS

1.   Ions are electrically charged particles formed by the loss of gain or electrons.
2.   Anions(-vely charged) are negatively charged ions formed by gaining electrons.
3.   Cations are positively charged ions formed by losing electrons.
4.   The electrostatic attraction between the positive ions and the negative ions results in an ionic bond
5.   Atoms lose or gain electrons to attain the stable electronic structure of the nearest inert element and become more stable.
6.   When elements of group 1 an 7 react, the group 1 atom loses an electron and the group 7 gains it.

Formation of sodium chloride:

igcse-chemistry-notes-sodium-chloride-ionic-compound-diagram

In the formation of sodium chlorine, sodium atom loses one electron and becomes a +vely charged cation. The chlorine atom accepts this electron and forms a negatively charged ion called the anion. Thus by doing so both the ions have a stable electronic structure which is the same as the noble gas. So a stable electronic structure has been formed.

Formation of calcium chloride:

Ionic and covalent-Compounds-A comparison

igcse-chemistry-notes-comparing-ionic-and-covalent-compounds

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